An IPA file serves as an iOS application archive, storing an application built for Apple’s iOS operating system. It essentially represents a package containing all the data required to install the application on an iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch. Developers commonly use this file type to distribute their apps for testing purposes before official release on the App Store. For example, instead of directly compiling and installing from Xcode, a developer can create an IPA and share it with beta testers.
The value lies in its ability to streamline the distribution and installation process outside of the official App Store. This facilitates testing, internal distribution within organizations, and, in some instances, provides access to applications unavailable through the standard App Store channels. Historically, IPAs have been vital for developers needing to rapidly iterate on software and gather feedback from a select group of users. Furthermore, archival of these files allows for reinstating older versions of an application should the need arise.