Black’s Law Dictionary defines a human as a natural person, a man, woman, or child of the species homo sapiens. This definition is crucial in legal contexts, distinguishing individuals with rights and responsibilities from other entities, such as corporations or animals. For example, determining legal personhood dictates who can enter into contracts, own property, and be subject to legal prosecution.
The legal definition of a natural person is foundational to jurisprudence. It underpins the concept of individual rights, provides a basis for determining standing in court, and frames the scope of legal protections afforded under various laws and constitutional provisions. Historically, the parameters of this definition have been subject to debate and re-evaluation, especially concerning issues of citizenship, personhood at the beginning and end of life, and the rights of marginalized groups. The evolution of this concept reflects ongoing societal shifts and ethical considerations influencing the legal system.
