Yellowing of the sclera (the white part of the eye) is a condition known as jaundice, or icterus. This discoloration results from elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the normal breakdown of red blood cells. While jaundice can occur in individuals of any race or ethnicity, including Black people, it is essential to understand the underlying causes and contributing factors. The appearance might be subtle and therefore may be missed by some.
Recognizing jaundice is vital for prompt medical intervention. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to serious health complications, potentially resulting in liver damage, brain damage (in newborns), or even death. Historically, difficulties in detecting jaundice in individuals with darker skin tones have been noted, potentially leading to delayed diagnoses. Enhanced awareness and proper diagnostic techniques are crucial to ensure equitable healthcare access and outcomes for all.